SPRUCE-FIR FORESTS OF THE STATE NATURE RESERVE BASTAK

Аннотация

The article describes the Bastak state nature reserve fir-spruce forests current condition. These plant communities had been subjected to anthropogenic impact, primarily logging of the main use in the area, before it received the status of specially protected. The study of plant communities was being carried out from 2004 to 2021 by using classical methods popular with both geobotanists and foresters. This allowed us to obtain a large array of data to analyze the plant community, both from the standpoint of geobotanical classification and allocation of forest types used in forestry. It was determined that fir-spruce trees grow only in the northern half of the Bastak reserve cluster Central, and on the slopes of the southern spurs of the Bureinsky ridge. Based on the original material, the authors identify four types of plant communities. In each type, the main structural units are described: tree stand, undergrowth, living ground cover and extra-level vegetation (if available) – indicating each component dominants.  It is given a brief taxation characteristics of plant communities and determined the tree stand formula. It is revealed that all the studied phytocenoses are characterized by a fairly constant species composition, high tree tier closeness and floral poverty of subordinate tiers, especially shrubs. It is determined that florist diversity of plant communities increases from the top to the foot of the mountains; the greatest species diversity is in the valley, and the least one is noted in the alpine fir-spruce forests. The authors have described the ecological conditions and the area of growth of different types of plant communities under study. All studied phytocenoses grow only in fresh or moist brown-taiga soils. The green-mossy fir–spruce forests have the greatest distribution over the area, and the  least one – alpine spruce forests.